The Kanchipuram Silk sarees Industry
The occasion of marriage for a South Indian bride is
incomplete without a Kanchipuram saree in her trosseau. Among the wide range of
silk sarees available in India, from the Benares silk saree to the Patola from
Patan, the Kanchipuram saree holds a special position. The strength and magnificence
of the Kanchipuram saree makes it one of the favourites among ladies all over
the world.
Now that the world has become a global village, Kanchipuram
sarees are available the world over. However, the production of these beautiful
sarees is still centred in Kanchipuram, a small town located on the Palar river
in South India. Also called Kanchi, the town is renowned for its silk industry
and its temples.
The origin of the Kanchipuram saree dates back to centuries
ago, when these sarees used to be woven in temples. Kanchipuram sarees, woven
from pure mulberry silk, are found in myriad colours. These sarees have borders
and 'pallu' in a contrast colour with heavy gold weaving. Kanchipuram sarees
traditionally had designs representing simple gold lines or gold dots. The
designs in these sarees were inspired by the designs in South Indian temples or
natural elements like birds, leaves, etc. Some of the best known patterns in
Kanchipuram saree borders are 'Rudraksham' (representing Rudraksha beads),
'Gopuram' (representing temples), 'Mayilkan' (Peacock eye) and 'Kuyilkan'
(Nightingale eye). Keeping in view the changing trends, Kanchipuram silk sarees
have undergone a transformation. Now, even Kanchipuram designer silk sarees are
available, with embroidery or crystal work done on the traditional silk saree.
One of the latest trends in these sarees is using ancient paintings and the
images of gods and goddesses in the 'pallu'.
In an authentic Kanchipuram silk saree, the body of the
saree and the 'pallu' are woven separately and then stitched together. The
distinctive weaving technique of a Kanchipuram silk saree using three single
threads of silk yarn along with 'zari', that is silk threads dipped in liquid
gold and silver. The mulberry silk comes from the state of Karnataka and the
gold 'zari' comes from Surat. In spite of Kanchipuram becoming a world-famous
silk industry centre, the town does not manufacture silk or any other raw
material used in the production of a silk saree.
The town of Kanchipuram is well known as "Silk
City" because almost ¾ of its population is dependent upon the silk
industry. Skilled and semi-skilled weavers from neighbouring towns like Salem,
Arani, Coimbatore and Kumbakonam are also involved in the production of silk
sarees.

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